St Pancras is a 19th century station that delivers a 21st century regional, intercity, continental and high speed railway to London
由HS1限制并由网络轨道管理，今天它是一个关键的伦敦交汇处和“目的地站”亚搏彩票软件官网的定义。
- 858：Midland Railway同意与伟大的北部铁路一起访问北伦敦运行线条和国王交叉站。
- 1863: June, the Midland Railway gain parliamentary authority to build an extension from Bedford to London along with a new terminus on the Euston Road. William Henry Barlow, the Midland Railway’s consultant engineer draws up plans for the line and a new station.
- 1865：举办竞赛，以确定酒店的设计，酒店将为站房提供正面。乔治·吉尔伯特·斯科特的哥特式设计获胜。
- 1866：巴洛火车棚开始施工。
- 1868: Work is completed on the train shed and work on the Gilbert Scott’s hotel begins.
- 1873: the Midland Grand Hotel is opened by Queen Victoria.
- 1883年：工作开始于在圣潘克拉斯西部建造米德兰铁路的货物站;这是英国图书馆的网站。
- 1923: Railway grouping puts St Pancras under the control of the London Midland & Scottish Railway.
- 1935: the Midland Grand Hotel closes and becomes railway offices known as St Pancras Chambers.
- 1939：该车站是一个繁忙的出发点，士兵去战争和孩子被疏散到乡村。
- 1967：尽管尝试关闭和拆除圣潘克拉斯，但酒店和酒店成为1年级上市建筑，感谢拯救他们被John Betjeman先生Spearheaded的运动。
- 1978：英国铁轨同意销售圣潘克拉斯时钟，给美国买家。随着拆卸发生时钟被掉落并粉碎成碎片。信号管理器可以买到碎片并恢复时钟，将其固定在他的谷仓的一侧。在恢复项目期间，研究了这个原创，并在火车棚的南端悬挂了精确的复制品。
- 1985: St Pancras Chambers is no longer used by British Rail and falls into disrepair.
- 20世纪90年代：圣潘克拉斯正在进行紧急修复。
- 1993: a scheme to join St Pancras with Kings Cross to make an international terminal is dismissed in favour of St Pancras alone.
- 1996：委托伦敦和大陆铁路公司修建海峡隧道铁路线（CTRL）；伦敦和英吉利海峡隧道之间的高速铁路。计划开发圣潘克拉斯国际酒店。
- 2005：工作开始于曼哈顿阁楼的翻新吉尔伯特斯科特的哥特式酒店。
- 2007：圣潘克拉斯国际酒店由英国女王伊丽莎白二世正式开业。欧洲之星和东米德兰火车服务将于12月加入Thameslink服务。
- 2009: 13th December, new high speed domestic rail services from St Pancras to Kent began.
- 2011：3月，St Pancras Renaissance伦敦酒店打开。预订办公室栏可让客户直接进入站平台。
- 2012：圣潘克拉斯国际在运送观众到伦敦奥林匹克公园方面发挥了重要作用；从圣潘克拉斯到斯特拉福德国际机场只需7分钟。
A new grand terminus for London
到19世纪中叶，米德兰铁路正在损害与北铁路一起进入的协议，使其能够与商品和客运交通联系到伦敦。他们希望将其线路从贝德福德到伦敦延伸，以便与伦敦＆北西部和大北铁路公司参与约克郡铁路交通。St Pancras是他们的铁路服务的适当盛大的终端。
车站的设计和建造两个爸爸rts; the train shed and the hotel frontage. William Henry Barlow, the Midland’s consultant engineer, designed the extension route and station layout, including the single span arched train shed constructed of iron and glass. At 243ft by 110ft high at its apex, it was at the time the largest ironwork structure of its kind. As the 6 platforms were tied to the ribs, the train shed area was clear and spacious compared to other termini, making the structure much more flexible and allowing for future changes.
啤酒桶
随着线的摄政运河桥north of the station, the platforms at St Pancras were built at a high level which made it much more imposing than its Euston Road neighbours. Resting on 850 cast iron pillars, this gave the station space underneath for storage of goods. The distance between the columns was measured using one of the Midland Railway’s most lucrative goods traffic; barrels of beer from Burton on Trent.
维多利亚哥特式
In 1865, a competition was held to design the front façade of the station including a new hotel. George Gilbert Scott, the most celebrated gothic architect of his day, won the competition even though his design was larger than the rules allowed. Construction of the hotel started in 1868 however the economic downturn of the late 1860s meant that the hotel, named the Midland Grand, was only completed in 1876. Striking and self confident, the station and hotel completely dominated its Great Northern neighbours.
The station's decline
1923年，圣潘克拉斯被移交给伦敦米德兰和苏格兰铁路公司管理；LMS将其活动重点放在尤斯顿，因此在接下来的60年里圣潘克拉斯开始衰落。1935年，米德兰大酒店因预订量和利润下降而关闭，原因是卧室缺乏套房设施。它被用作铁路员工的办公场所，并改名为圣潘克拉斯商会。
在第二次世界大战期间，该车站对部队出发的战争和伦敦撤离的儿童发挥了重要作用。虽然电台在闪电战中被击中，但只有肤浅的损坏，车站很快就跑了。
Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, the decline of St Pancras continued and British Railways tried to close and demolish the station a number of times. John Betjeman spearheaded a campaign to save the station and hotel, and in November 1967 was successful in getting the buildings declared Grade 1 listed just days before demolition was due to begin.
尽管这些建筑得以保存，但它们的衰落仍在继续；酒店大楼于1985年被封存，火车棚屋顶严重失修。
A destination station
20世纪90年代，圣潘克拉斯开始复兴。英吉利海峡隧道于1994年5月开通，但高速列车只能在英吉利海峡法国一侧达到最高速度。1996年，政府通过了《海峡隧道铁路连接法》，授权修建一条从隧道到重新开发的圣潘克拉斯国际机场的高速线路。
在与英语遗产和对原创细节的艰辛提升的磋商中，巴洛原始的火车棚屋顶恢复到其维多利亚女王时代的辉煌，用18k窗口的自洁玻璃，300k威尔士石板，剥离了原来的淡蓝色的铁纱。制作新型入口的新橡木门，黄铜家具从原版复制。
To extend platforms to accept Eurostar trains, an additional train shed to the rear of Barlow’s original was designed by Foster & Partners. The west wall of the station was rebuilt using 16 million bricks manufactured identically to the original. New public works of art include the statue of the station’s saviour John Betjeman and the 30ft tall bronze sculpture ‘The Meeting Place’, positioned under the station clock.
在克罗夫特下开放车站，开发商可以让屋顶的光线进来，从新的欧洲之星登记休息室、商店、餐厅和食品大厅可以看到这座建筑，这是巴洛最初为啤酒桶设计的空间。
新的St Pancras International Station在2007年11月正式开业，欧洲之塔和东米德兰服务，并加入12月的泰晤士河链思服务。2009年底，高速国内服务开始于圣潘克拉斯和肯特之间。2012年，这款高速线在仅七分钟内将观众运送到Stratford International的伦敦奥林匹克公园。
Did you know?
The construction of the line and station at St Pancras required the demolition and clearance of many properties, including the old St Pancras burial ground. A young Thomas Hardy, before finding fame as an author was employed to oversee the excavation and re-internment of the bodies.