你在哪里可以找到现代铁路的起源？在达勒姆郡，建筑在铁路建造的建筑中正在进行新系列。
达勒姆郡富裕的铁路遗产 - 这是它比我们的大多数维多利亚风格的铁路更新到格鲁吉亚时代。加入历史学家和演示者Tim Dunn昨天第四集在斯坦利附近的树木繁茂的峡谷，享有世界上最古老的单跨铁路拱门的醒目。
Tim says: “This modern structure demands no fanfare but its functional and simple looks are deceiving. Because this Grade I listed Georgian bridge is a triumph of industry over nature.”
奇迪曲拱 - 易燃烧 - 被认为是世界上第一个铁路桥梁。这是诺森伯兰德和达勒姆煤田工程师的早期技术技能的一个例子，according to Historic England，并自1950年以来已列出。
慈善机构国家运输信托says on its website that the bridge was built between 1725 and 1726. It was the country's longest single-span bridge at the time and held that record for 30 years.
但这座桥不用于类似现代铁路的任何东西。国家运输信托说，每天，超过900马拉牵引车越过拱门使用坦菲尔德铁路。一条轨道将煤炭带到附近的河畔泰恩，而另一个携带返回空货车。
This practice over the arch declined after 1739, when a fire destroyed Tanfield Colliery. Today, The nearby cliffs are a popular destination for climbers and the Tanfield Railway runs as a heritage railway, meaning it'sthe world's oldest working railway。
一个新的时代 - 乔治斯蒂芬森的斯托克顿和达林顿铁路
So where did the modern passenger railway come from? The Stockton and Darlington Railway in County Durham is widely considered to be the first railway to use passenger locomotives. Its design came from ‘the father of the railways', George Stephenson, who outlined his ground-breaking plans in a notebook that has become one of the world's most historically important railway artefects.
Incredibly, we在50多年后，2018年重新发现它。The notebook, dated 1822, was found by John Page, a records assistant atour archive in York。它阐述了Stephenson的重新设计和斯托克顿和达灵顿铁路的预算，并成为随后的铁路的蓝图。
John uncovered the notebook, which had not been seen since the 1950s, while searching for documents in the archive’s deeds room. There are about 20,000 documents on the shelves; the Stephenson notebook is number 350.
他说:“因为它是一个历史文档would never have been loaned out or requested as it didn’t impact the running of the railway so since the 1950s, it has sat on a shelf unnoticed amongst hundreds of other packets.
“我正在寻找一位内部同事的一个契约，纯粹过于好奇心，决定通过数据包看，在那里，它是什么刺激它。”
The notebook shows Stephenson’s survey of fellow engineer George Overton’s original 1821 line and the amendments he recommended to it.
Overton Design有重大变化。Overton的计划有剧烈的倾斜，陡峭的曲线和隧道，而斯蒂芬森赞成渐变倾斜和宽松的曲线。Stephenson还提出了使用切屑挖掘出的弃土，以创造堤防，避免隧道推荐的隧道。这将缩短三英里的达灵顿分支机构。
Click here to find out more about the notebook.
阅读更多：
Read the George Stephenson notebook online
The Architecture the Railways Built – Royal Albert Bridge