坐在Buckinghamshire的维多利亚式哥特式乡村大厦的东南部地坐在巴林郡的豪宅之一是第二次世界大战最重要的铁路站之一。
For many young workers assigned to the Government’sultra-secret cypher-breaking operation在战争期间,Bletchley火车站是世界上第几十年来谈论的世界第一眼。
“抵达Bletchley [Station]您将找到电话亭。张戒指这个号码并等待指示,“根据违规声的声音,即将到达公园的新招募的订单之一,立即签署了官方秘密法案:Michael Paterson的秘密英雄的个人账户。
It said another was: “Take the exit from the arrival platform, go to the station forecourt and report to a hut on the far right hand side marked RTO (Railway Transport Officer) and show him but DO NOT GIVE him your envelope. He will direct you.”
政府密码和密码学校(GC&CS),一个外交部的秘密单位,几乎没有人知道它的存在,即使是在最高权力级别,搬进了他的前家庭住宅Bletchley Park.在1939年的战争爆发。它有马厩,旧网球场和一个小湖,周围环绕着亩的绿色田野。
它还可以访问附近的Watling Street,火车服务前往伦敦·埃斯顿的电信电缆,以及在连接牛津和剑桥的所谓校舍线上的方便停止,其中GC&CS招募了数学家,包括计算先驱alan图灵。
重要的交通连接
Tour guides at Bletchley Park often cite the rail links as one of the reasons the estate was chosen as the base for work that saved countless lives by reading secret messages – including those enciphered on Germany’s Enigma and Lorenz machines – and without which it is widely thought the war would have lasted beyond 1945.
Bletchley Park Trust的研究官Thomas Cheetham表示:“新兵没有必要乘火车到达。然而,车站肯定是方便的,可能是选择该网站的一个因素。“
在其高峰期,超过10,000人在Bletchley Park和其无线拦截站工作,提供了加密消息。
Thomas said: “The railway was really important for the day-to-day commute of workers to BP… They were especially relied on by staff billeted in Wolverton, Bedford and Leighton Buzzard. In February 1944, there were 842 billeted in Wolverton, 308 in Bedford and 133 in Leighton Buzzard out of a total of 3,455 billeted civilians and 7,234 staff overall.”
画廊:布莱奇利公园1944年6月28日的运输文件,显示BP努力在D-Day之后获得更大的员工队伍。图片由Bletchley Park Trust提供。
D日
从1943年3月起,铁路对缓解Bletchley Park自行车道的压力至关重要 - 贝德福德的GC&CS Brobled工作人员,以为距离Bletchley的18英里有最远的通勤。
1944年4月的一份备忘录说:“在进一步通知之前,大多数新的平民入境者必须在贝德福德住宿,直到他们可以在B/P运输公司服务的地区重新收费。”
托马斯说:“这只可能是因为铁路,贝德福德钢坯最初是为白班工人保留的,因为他们可以乘火车上下班。”
他添加了与1944年6月6日的D-Day筹备有关的备忘录。他说:“在六月之前,员工在举行的情况下扩大了他们的[履行]霸主的承诺和优先事项与美国海军迪克斯委员会同意......似乎对2月份的大约2月份造成了一些问题,迫使他们在贝德福德扩张中,这似乎是这个问题的结论,一旦BP能够源到足够的教练和司机才能投入问题service for the Bedford shift workers when the trains weren’t running.”
高级工作人员常常向伦敦旅行前往伦敦,并返回牛津或剑桥。在巨人:Bletchley Park Conseague的Bletchley Park Comperaeld Sees Max Newman的Bletchley Park的代码电脑的秘密,可爱,在Bletchley Station的Lorenz Cypher工作。
该colleague said: “He was dressed in a shabby old Burberry raincoat and was carrying a dead hare by the hind legs. He appeared to be searching the platform for something so I went up to ask if I could help. He gave me a distressed look and said that he had lost his ticket. We searched together but were unsuccessful, and as my train came in I tried to cheer him by saying I was sure the guard would believe him. His reply was: ‘Oh no, that is not my problem – until I find my ticket I cannot remember whether I am going to Oxford or Cambridge’.
Many of the ‘rank-and-file’ staff took leave in London and sometimes made it back for early shifts by hitching a lift on the early-morning ‘milk train’, according to Thomas.
航空部门的格温·沃特金斯在她的书《破解空军密码:布莱奇利公园的秘密》中写道:“F区……离从公园后面通往火车站的私人车道最近。如果你在五点零四分(带上周末包)溜出你的车厢,以最快的速度跑下车道,你很有可能赶上从伯明翰来的火车,这趟火车本来是三点十分到达,但几乎总是晚点。或者你可以悠闲地走下去,赶上去尤斯顿的四点十分车,那车几乎总是在四点半以前到的。”
Reinstating a lost line
GC&CS left Bletchley Park after the war and The General Post Office – with which Bletchley Park had close ties during WWII – took over the site as a training facility.
布莱奇利车站,现在在米尔顿凯恩斯,仍然是西海岸干线繁忙的通勤终点站,但是牛津和剑桥之间的大学线在1960年代末关闭了,因为1963年的Beeching报告建议关闭铁路线以节省资金。
今天,网络铁轨亚搏彩票软件官网正准备恢复该线路。该East West Rail projectwill re-establish a rail link between Cambridge and Oxford to improve connections between East Anglia and central, southern and western England.
In February, the project took a huge step forward when the Secretary of State for Transport approved our Transport and Works Act Order application for the first rail link in more than 50 years between Oxford, Bedford, Milton Keynes and Aylesbury. This approval has given us permission to start work on the next phase ofthe project.
该线将有助于创造就业机会,提高经济增长,鼓励人们离开汽车和公共交通工具,为世代实现可持续发展。
